FlexibleElectronics with NanoManufacturing

Bok Y. Ahn 1, Eric B. Duoss 1, Michael J. Motala 2, Xiaoying Guo 1, Sang-Il Park 1, Yujie Xiong 1, Jongseung Yoon 1, Ralph G. Nuzzo 2, John A. Rogers 3, Jennifer A. Lewis 1*

Flexible, stretchable, and spanning microelectrodes that carry signals from one circuit element to another are needed for many emerging forms of electronic and optoelectronic devices. We have patterned silver microelectrodes by omnidirectional printing of concentrated nanoparticle inks in both uniform and high aspect ratio motifs with minimum widths of ~2 µm onto semiconductor, plastic, and glass substrates. The patterned microelectrodes can withstand repeated bending and stretching to large levels of strain with minimal degradation of their electrical properties. Using this approach, wire bonding to fragile 3D devices and spanning interconnects for solar cell and light emitting diode arrays are demonstrated.
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1168375

中文报道：据《每日科学》网2月21日报道，美国伊利诺伊大学厄本那-香槟分校（UIUC）的研究人员研制出一种由银纳米粒子构成的新型墨水，可应用于电子和光电等领域，创造出更易弯曲和伸展的、跨度较大的微电极，实现信号从一个电路元件到另一个电路元件的传递。这种微电极能经受住反复的弯曲和伸展，自身性能却基本不会发生改变。相关论文发表在2月12日的《科学》。
http://www.mscience.org/htmlpaper/20092271624526545296.html

Professor Yonggang，Huang's Mechanics of Materials Research Group at Northwestern University

（From EMI News）

Goals: To develop mechanics models for advanced technology (e.g., transfer printing, stretchable electronics, flexible silicon solar cell, electronic‐eye camera)
Rationale: Advanced technologies have many important applications to infrastructures, such as stretchable electronics for reliability assessment, flexible and transparent silicon solar cells for energy efficiency. Mechanics plays a critical role in the development of the scientific and engineering foundations for these advanced technologies. One example is high performance electronics and optoelectronic systems that are reversibly stretchable/compressible. These systems combine high quality electronic materials, such as aligned arrays of silicon nanoribbons and other inorganic nanomaterials, with ultrathin and elastomeric substrates, in multilayer neutral mechanical plane designs and with ‘wavy’ structural layouts. Such approaches, guided by detailed mechanics models, enable diverse classes of integrated circuits as well as highly integrated optoelectronics systems with well‐developed electronic materials, whose intrinsic brittle, fragile mechanical properties would otherwise preclude their use in such applications. Analytical and finite element method simulations of the mechanics play a central role in the development, not only to reveal the fundamental physics, but also to provide a set of practical strategies for the construction of the devices.
Research Topics:
• Mechanics of stretchable electronics
• Mechanics of flexible silicon solar cells
• Mechanics of transfer printing
People:
• Northwestern University: Professor Yonggang Huang (y‐huang@northwestern.edu), Jianliang Xiao, Shuodao Wang, and Dr. Jian Wu
• University of Illinois: Professor John Rogers (jrogers@illinois.edu) and Duc Ngo• University of Miami: Professor Jizhou Song (jsong8@miami.edu)
• Inst. of High Performance Computing (Singapore): Professor Yongwei Zhang (zhangyw@ihpc.astar. edu.sg) and Zhuangjian Liu• Tsinghua University (China): Professors Xue Feng (fengxue@tsinghua.edu.cn), Daining Fang (fangdn@tsinghua.edu.cn), and Keh‐Chih Hwang (huangkz@tsinghua.edu.cn)
• King Abdullah University of Sci. & Tech. (Saudi Arabia): Dr. Chun Lu (luc@kaust.edu.sa)
Selected Publications:
• Khang, Jiang, Huang, and Rogers, “A stretchable form of single crystal silicon for high performance electronics on rubber substrates,” Science 311, 208‐212, 2006.
• Meitl, Zhu, Kumar, Lee, Feng, Huang, Adesida, Nuzzo, and Rogers, “Transfer printing by kinetic control of adhesion to an elastomeric stamp,” Nature Materials, v 5, pp 33‐38, 2006.• Sun, Choi, Jiang, Huang, and Rogers, “Controlled buckling of semiconductor nanoribbons for stretchable electronics,” Nature Nanotechnology 1, 201‐207, 2006.
• Jiang, Khang, Song, Sun, Huang, and Rogers, “Finite deformation mechanics in buckled thin films on compliant supports,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 104, 15607‐15612, 2007.
• Jiang, Khang, Fei, Kim, Huang, Xiao, and Rogers, “Finite width effect of thin films buckling on compliant substrate: Experimental and theoretical studies,” Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 56, 2585‐2598, 2008.
• Kim, Ahn, Choi, Kim, Kim, Song, Huang, Liu, Lu, and Rogers, ”Stretchable and foldable silicon integrated circuits,” Science 320, 507‐511, 2008.
• Kim, Song, Choi, Kim, Kim, Liu, Huang, Hwang, Zhang, and Rogers, ”Materials and non‐coplanar mesh designs for integrated circuits with linear elastic responses to extreme mechanical deformations,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105, 18675‐18680, 2008.
• Ko, Stoykovich, Song, Malyarchuk, Choi, Yu, Geddes, Xiao, Wang, Huang, and Rogers, ”A hemispherical electronic eye camera based on compressible silicon optoelectronics,” Nature 454, 748‐753, 2008.
• Yoon, Baca, Park, Paulius, Geddes, Li, Kim, Xiao, Wang, Kim, Motala, Ahn, Duoss, Lewis, Nuzzo, Ferreira, Huang, Rockett, and Rogers, “Flexible arrays of monocrystalline silicon solar cells for micro‐optic concentrator designs,” Nature Materials 7, 907‐915, 2008.